Piano Design
Felt Research

Stephen Birkett


Research
Piano Design
Piano Action Dynamics
Felt
High Speed Imaging
Organology
Physical Systems
Animal Growth Modelling
Environmental Systems

Teaching
Linear Algebra
Numerical Methods
Computational Mathematics
Musical Instruments

Music
Erard
Pleyel
Lipp
Marcia Hadjimarkos

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Scanning electron microscope images of felt. Right click (or mac equivalent) on the images to download a higher resolution tif version.

Abel 1999 hammer #29. Top strikepoint surface. Side view. 80X.
The "fluffy" outer surface of the hammer is visible in most of the image above. Top right corner is space, i.e. above the fluffiest part of the hammer surface. Toward the bottom of the image the main, denser part of the hammer felt body begins. The other images below show higher magnification of the denser part at various depths below the strikepoint.

Abel 1999 hammer #29 strikepoint. Surface at denser main felt. 450X.

Abel 1999 hammer #29 strikepoint. Middle depth. 450X.

Abel 1999 hammer #29 strikepoint. Depth immediately above core felt. 450X.

Abel 1999 hammer #29 strikepoint. Core felt. 450X.

Wurzen front punching felt. Vertical section. 200X

Wurzen front punching felt. Vertical section. 450X

Wurzen front punching felt. Wool fibre. 2500X
 
 

All images were prepared in a vacuum scanning electron microscope. Felt gold sputtered to 30nm.
     



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©2004 Stephen Birkett